Solar panel | Photovoltaic module serve as devices that transform sunlight to electricity using PV cells. These are an eco-friendly and alternative energy source, decreasing reliance on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar heat collector is a apparatus that collects sunlight to convert heat, generally used for hot water production or space heating applications. It successfully converts solar energy into thermal energy, decreasing reliance on standard energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Sun-powered thermal energy harnesses sunlight to generate warmth, which can be used for water heating, space heating, or power generation. It is a green and sustainable technology that reduces reliance on fossil fuels and lowers GHG emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a scenic seaside town in West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a charming blend of sandy beaches, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | The country of England is a historic country in the UK known for its rich cultural legacy, famous sights, and bustling cities like London. It boasts a varied terrain of gentle slopes, historic forts, and bustling urban centers that combine heritage with modern developments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Daylight is the environmental radiance emitted by the sun, essential for living organisms on Earth as it offers energy for photosynthesis and shapes climate and weather patterns. It also plays a role to our well-being by synchronizing our circadian rhythms and boosting vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electricity is a type of power due to the flow of electrically charged entities, primarily electrons. It powers numerous appliances and systems, supporting modern life and technological progress. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into power using solar panels composed of semi-conductor materials. It is a sustainable energy source that reduces reliance on fossil fuels and helps mitigate ecological footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are tiny particles with a reversed electric charge that surround the nucleus of an atom, crucial in in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions affect the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | DC is the single-direction stream of electric charge, typically produced by batteries, power supplies, and solar cells. It provides a consistent voltage or current, causing it necessary for electronic devices and low-voltage applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A battery is a instrument that stores chemical energy and changes it into current to power various electronic gadgets. It comprises multiple electrochemical units, each housing electrode pairs divided by an ionic solution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | An photovoltaic system converts solar radiation directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels made of solar cells. It is an eco-friendly energy option that reduces reliance on non-renewable energy sources and promotes renewable power generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar inverter is a device that converts direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into AC suitable for household use and utility connection. It plays a crucial role in optimizing energy use and guaranteeing reliable, consistent energy output from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | AC is an electric current that changes polarity regularly, generally used in residential and industrial power supplies. It permits effective transmission of electricity over extended spans and is marked by its voltage and current waveforms, typically sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A charge controller is a device that regulates the voltage and current coming from a solar panel to prevent batteries from overcharging and harm. It guarantees efficient energy transfer and extends the lifespan of the battery array. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A survey tool is a tool used to measure the extent, volume, or degree of something accurately. It includes instruments like scales, temperature sensors, and barometers that provide accurate readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | An solar tracker is a system that instantaneously the orientation of solar panels to monitor the sun's movement during the day, enhancing energy absorption. This technology boosts the efficiency of solar power systems by keeping optimal sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Photovoltaic installations are large-scale facilities that utilize sunlight to create electricity using many solar panels. They offer a renewable and eco-friendly energy resource, cutting down reliance on carbon-based fuels and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Rooftop solar power involves installing photovoltaic panels on building rooftops to generate electricity from sunlight. This sustainable energy source helps reduce reliance on non-renewable fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | An grid-connected solar power system converts sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a sustainable energy solution. It improves energy efficiency and decreases reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to benefit from potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere, primarily from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar power satellite is an spacecraft equipped with solar panels that gather solar radiation and convert it into electricity. This electricity is then beamed to Earth for use as a clean, renewable power source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home energy storage systems save excess energy generated from renewable energy or the power grid for subsequent consumption, boosting energy self-sufficiency and efficiency. These solutions commonly employ batteries to deliver backup power, cut down energy costs, and aid grid reliability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The timeline of solar panels documents the development and advancements in solar energy technology from the beginning invention of the photovoltaic effect to current advanced solar panels. It highlights key milestones, including the creation of the initial silicon solar cell in 1954 and continuous advances that have significantly improved energy conversion and economic viability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Becquerel was a Gallic physicist by profession noted for his pioneering work in the study of the solar effect and luminescence. His tests laid the basis for comprehending how light interacts with certain substances to generate electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Willoughby Smith was a UK electrician and scientist known for discovering the photo-conductive property of Se in 1873. His work laid the foundation for the creation of the photoconductive cell and advancements in initial photography and electronic technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | The Selenium framework is an open-source platform used for automating web browsers, allowing testers to mimic user interactions and verify web application functionalities. It supports various programming languages and browsers, making it a flexible tool for test automation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a UK scientist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of light and optical science, particularly the discovery of the polarization of luminescence reflected from transparent materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic wave behavior and the development of optical science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was indeed an US inventor who developed the earliest working selenium solar cell in 1883. His pioneering work laid the foundation for the contemporary photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | A coal-powered power plant generates electricity by firing coal to produce steam that rotates turbines connected to generators. This process releases considerable amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an United States scientist credited with discovering the solar cell and enhancing the understanding of semiconductors. His work laid the foundation for modern solar power technology and the creation of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Labs is a famous innovative organization long-standing associated with AT&T, known for groundbreaking innovations in telecommunications, computer science, and materials science. It has been the origin of countless groundbreaking inventions, including the semiconductor device and the laser. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a element with the symbol Si and 14, famous for its key role in the production of electronics and solar modules. It is a hard, breakable crystal material with a bluish-gray shine, predominantly employed as a semiconductor in the technology sector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A compact inverter is a small unit installed on each photovoltaic panel to change direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) on-site. This technology enhances system performance, allows for improved performance oversight, and increases power output in photovoltaic systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A solar panel is a unit that turns sunlight straight into electricity through the solar energy process. It is often used in solar panels to provide a sustainable and sustainable energy resource. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | An PV (photovoltaic) system converts over sunlight immediately into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a renewable energy technology that offers renewable power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | An photon serves as a elementary particle that represents a packet of light plus other electromagnetic radiation, transporting energy and momentum without possessing rest mass. It plays a crucial role in the connections between matter and electromagnetic fields, facilitating phenomena including reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The solar photoelectric effect is the phenomenon by which specific substances turn sunlight straight into electricity through the generation of electron-hole pairs. This event is the core concept behind solar panel systems, allowing the harnessing of solar sunlight for power generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | An wafer in electronics is a fine slice of chip material, usually silicon, used as the foundation for manufacturing integrated circuits. It serves as the main platform where integrated circuits are built through methods like doping, etching, and layering. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a extremely pure form of silicon used predominantly in the manufacturing of solar cells and electronic systems due to its superb semiconductor properties. Its structured, neat crystal lattice enables efficient electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Thin-film photovoltaic devices are a type of solar power system characterized by their lightweight, pliable configuration, and ability to be fabricated over extensive surfaces at a more affordable price. They use strata of semiconductor substances a few micrometers thick to convert sunlight into electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the constant forces exerted by the mass of building components and permanent equipment, while live loads are temporary forces such as users, furniture, and weather conditions. Both are critical considerations in structural design to maintain safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits link components sequentially, so the identical current passes through all devices, while parallel circuits connect components between the identical voltage source, permitting multiple paths for current. These configurations influence the circuit's total resistance, current allocation, and voltage reductions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electrical energy refers to the speed at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit, primarily used to operate devices and appliances. Created through various sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear, and renewable energy, and is essential for modern life. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A measure of power is a measure of energy transfer rate in the metric system, indicating the rate of energy transfer or conversion. It is equivalent to one unit of energy per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electrical pressure difference between two points, which pushes the stream of electronic current in a circuit. It is measured in volts and shows the power per individual charge available to move electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A voltage is the derived unit of voltage, electric potential difference, and electromotive force in the SI system. It measures the electric energy per unit charge between points in an electrical circuit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electrical current is the movement of electric charge through a conductor, commonly measured in amperes. It is crucial for powering electronic devices and allowing the working of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Amp serves as the unit of electric current in the SI units, symbolized as A. It indicates the movement of electrical charge through a wire over a time span. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load is the term for the level of electrical power or current demanded by appliances and electrical load in a circuit. It affects the layout and power of power systems to ensure secure and optimized energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction box is an electrical housing used to safely house wire connections, providing a main hub for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures neat and reliable connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 plug is a standardized photovoltaic connector used to connect solar panels in a reliable and dependable manner. It features a click-in design with waterproof sealing, providing durability and efficient electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power offers a simple and consistent method of providing electrical energy to devices through common ports. It is frequently used for powering and feeding a broad range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A energy inverter is a instrument that transforms direct current (DC) from sources like batteries or solar panels into alternating current (AC) suitable for home devices. It permits the use of standard electrical devices in settings where only direct current electricity is accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | A battery pack serves as an collection of several individual batteries designed to store and supply electrical energy for different devices. This provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Solar tracking systems automatically adjust the angle of solar panels to track the sun’s path throughout the day, optimizing power intake. This system boosts the effectiveness of photovoltaic energy harvesting by keeping best panel orientation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a method used to maximize the energy production of photovoltaic systems by continuously adjusting the working point to align with the optimal power point of the photovoltaic modules. This procedure ensures the most efficient energy extraction, especially under varying environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | A power optimizer serves as a device used in solar energy systems to maximize energy output by individually tailored enhancing the performance of each solar panel. It improves overall system efficiency by minimizing energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A solar power performance monitor is a tool that tracks and analyzes the performance of photovoltaic panel systems in live, providing useful data on power output and system health. It aids enhance solar energy generation by identifying issues early and securing optimal efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Thin-film solar cells are thin, adaptable photovoltaic devices made by depositing slim layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a affordable and flexible alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in various portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Sunlight-to-electricity converters convert sunlight directly into electricity through the photoelectric effect, making them a renewable energy source. They are frequently used in photovoltaic modules to supply energy to homes, appliances, and entire solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a material composed of countless small silicon crystals, typically used in photovoltaic panels and chip fabrication. Its creation involves liquefying and reforming silicon to create a ultra-pure, polycrystalline form appropriate for electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Single-crystal silicon is a premium form of silicon with a uniform crystal framework, making it extremely capable for use in solar panels and electronic components. Its homogeneous framework allows for improved electron transfer, resulting in higher efficiency compared to different silicon varieties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | CdTe photovoltaics constitute a kind of film solar system that presents a affordable and high-performance alternative for large-scale solar energy generation. They are recognized for their high absorption efficiency and comparatively low manufacturing expenses compared to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CuInGaSe2 solar cells are thin-film solar devices that employ a composite material of copper, In, Ga, and Se to transform sunlight into energy effectively. They are recognized for their high absorption performance, flexibility, and potential for lightweight, economical solar energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Non-crystalline silicon is a non-ordered molecular arrangement, making it more adaptable and more straightforward to layer than ordered silicon. It is frequently used in thin-film solar cells and electronic systems due to its cost-effectiveness and adaptable features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Next-generation photovoltaic modules aim to outperform traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing cutting-edge materials and new techniques such as stacked stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on maximizing energy conversion, reducing costs, and expanding applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-layered solar panels are innovative photovoltaic modules that use multiple p-n connections layered in tandem to absorb a broader spectrum of the solar spectrum, greatly enhancing their efficiency. These are mostly applied in space applications and high-performance solar power installations due to their superior energy conversion capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Solar panels on spacecraft are essential devices that generate solar radiation into electric power to power onboard equipment. They are typically lightweight, long-lasting, and built for efficient operation in the extreme space conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are compounds composed of several elements, typically involving a metal and a non-metallic component, used in fast electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer better performance in applications such as lasers, LEDs, and high-frequency transistors compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | Gallium arsenide is a compound semiconductor known for its excellent electron mobility and performance in high-frequency and optoelectronic applications. It is often used in components such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | CPV employ optics or mirrors to direct sunlight onto very efficient multi-junction solar cells, greatly enhancing energy conversion efficiency. This approach is suitable for massive solar power plants in zones with clear sunlight, providing a cost-effective solution for large-scale energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Flexible silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its slim and bendable form factor. It offers a economical alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in BIPV and portable power sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic cell utilize a ultra-thin layer of copper indium gallium selenide as the light-absorbing layer, known for superior performance and adaptability. They offer a easy-to-handle, cost-effective alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels with excellent performance in various environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film describes a slender layer of material, often measured in nanometers or micrometers, used in various technological applications. These layers are important in electronics, light manipulation, and coatings for their special physical and chemical characteristics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Roof-mounted solar PV systems harness solar energy to generate electricity directly on building rooftops, providing a renewable and cost-effective energy solution. They help decrease use of fossil fuels, reduce electricity bills, and contribute to green initiatives. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A thin film is a sheet of compound covering a few nanometers to multiple micrometers in depth, often coated on surfaces for functional applications. These films are used in multiple sectors, including electronic devices, light manipulation, and healthcare, to modify surface characteristics or create specific device functionalities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nanometers are measurement equal to one-billionth of a meter, frequently used to depict extremely small distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are essential in areas such as nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for measuring structures and particles at the nano dimension. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Micrometers are accurate devices used to exactly measure minute thicknesses or depths, generally in mechanical engineering and fabrication. They feature a calibrated screw device that allows for accurate readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon disc is a thin, circular segment of silicon crystal used as the foundation for producing semiconductor devices. It serves as the core material in the production of microchips and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells are thin-film solar modules known for their high efficiency and adaptability, ideal for various uses. They utilize a stratified semiconductor architecture that converts sunlight directly into electrical energy with excellent efficiency in low-light conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Multi-crystalline silicon is a form of silicon used in photovoltaic panels, characterized by its many crystal grains that give it a speckled appearance. It is recognized for being cost-effective and having a relatively high efficiency in converting sunlight into electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Photovoltaic systems convert sun rays directly into power using PV cells, providing a renewable energy source for residential, business, and grid applications. They deliver a eco-friendly, renewable, and economical way to reduce reliance on non-renewable energy sources and reduce carbon footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology that use perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cell have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A photo-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a solar energy device that transforms sunlight into electrical energy using a light-sensitive dye to capture light and produce electron flow. It offers a budget-friendly and versatile alternative to conventional silicon-based solar cells, with possibility for clear and lightweight applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot solar cell cells utilize nanosized semiconductor particles to enhance light capture and conversion efficiency through quantum confinement effects. This approach offers the possibility for lower-cost, flexible, and superior solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic PV cells are photoelectric devices that employ carbon-based molecules, to transform sun's energy into electric power. They are lightweight, bendable, and offer the potential for cost-effective, broad solar energy applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS (Copper is a promising electronic compound used in thin-film solar panels due to its abundant and non-toxic elements. Its superior optoelectronic properties make it an desirable substitute for sustainable photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics solar-integrated building systems seamlessly incorporate photovoltaic technology into the design of construction components, such as rooftops, building exteriors, and windows. This innovative approach enhances power savings while maintaining design elegance and structural functionality. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency allows light to penetrate a material with little distortion, making objects behind clearly visible. Translucency permits light to spread through, making detailed visibility obscured but still allowing shapes and light to transmit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Vehicle and building window film application involves applying a transparent film to the interior or exterior of cars or structures glazing to cut down on glare, heat, and UV rays. It improves privacy, increases energy efficiency, and gives a modern aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A catalog of PV power stations details various massive solar energy installations around the globe, showcasing their power and locations. These stations play a crucial role in sustainable energy generation and worldwide efforts to cut carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic power stations are extensive systems that convert sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels. They play a vital role in renewable energy generation, reducing reliance on fossil fuels, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Eco concerns encompass a wide range of challenges such as contamination, climate change, and forest loss that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires collaborative action to promote eco-friendly methods and protect wild habitats. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Renewable energy comes from natural sources that are renewably sourced, such as the sun, air currents, and hydropower. It offers a sustainable option to fossil fuels, reducing environmental harm and enhancing sustainable energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-sustainable energy resources, such as coal, crude oil, and natural gas, are limited reserves formed over extensive periods and are consumed when used. They are the chief power sources for electrical energy and mobility but pose ecological and sustainability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Electrical energy creation involves converting various energy types such as carbon-based fuels, nuclear power, and sustainable resources into electrical power. This process generally happens in electricity plants where rotating machinery and generators work together to produce electric current for grid delivery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are dense, toxic elements such as plumbum, quicksilver, Cd, and arsenic that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Solar panel effectiveness measures how well a solar panel converts sunlight into usable electricity. Enhancing this efficiency is key for maximizing renewable energy generation and decreasing reliance on coal and oil. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric effect occurs when radiation shining on a metallic surface ejects electrons from that surface, demonstrating the particle-like behavior of light. This event provided significant indication for the development of quantum mechanics by showing that light energy is quantized. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Accelerated life testing involves exposing products to increased stresses to quickly evaluate their durability and predict their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps find potential failures and enhance product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The growth of photovoltaics has quickened rapidly over the past decade, driven by technological progress and decreasing costs. This development is revolutionizing the global energy landscape by increasing the portion of renewable solar power in electricity generation processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar relates to large solar power installations designed to generate electricity on a business scale, supplying power directly to the grid. These projects typically cover vast areas and utilize PV modules or solar thermal systems to produce renewable energy effectively. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optical element is a clear component that bends light to converge or separate rays, creating images. It is frequently used in instruments like camera units, glasses, and microscopes to control light for enhanced vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The incidence angle is the angle between an incoming light ray and the perpendicular line orthogonal to the surface at the contact point. It determines how light interacts with the surface, affecting reflection and refraction properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-glare coating is a thin layer applied to optical surfaces to minimize reflections and enhance light passage. It boosts the sharpness and luminosity of lenses by reducing undesirable reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Canceling interference occurs when a couple of waves meet in a manner that that their amplitudes negate each other, causing a decrease or complete elimination of the combined wave. This phenomenon generally happens when these waves are phase-shifted by half a cycle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | AC is an electric current that alternates direction, mainly utilized in electrical distribution networks. Its voltage varies in a sinusoidal pattern throughout its cycle, permitting efficient transmission across extensive ranges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A individual inverter is a small component used to change DC from a individual solar module into alternating current (AC) suitable for domestic use. It improves system performance by maximizing power output at the module level and simplifies installation and maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC electrical energy, or AC electrical energy, is electrical energy delivered through a system where the potential difference and electric flow periodically reverse orientation, enabling efficient transmission over long distances. It is commonly used in households and commercial sectors to operate various appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A DC connector is a category of electrical plug used to provide direct current (DC) power from a power source to an electronic equipment. It typically consists of a round plug and jack that ensure a reliable and consistent link for different electronic purposes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | UL is a international protection certification body that tests and certifies products to confirm they comply with particular security requirements. It assists consumers and firms find trustworthy and protected products through thorough assessment and testing processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series-connected circuits are electrical networks in which elements are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current. In this setup, the identical electric current passes through all parts, and the entire voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel circuits are electrical circuits where parts are connected across the same voltage source, offering multiple routes for current flow. This arrangement allows devices to operate separately, with the total current split among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | An diode is a semiconductor device that permits current to pass in a single way exclusively, functioning as a one-way valve for electrical current. It is commonly used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in electronic networks. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An automobile auxiliary power outlet is a socket, typically 12-volt, designed to deliver electrical power for various devices and accessories inside of a automobile. It enables users to recharge electronic gadgets or operate small devices when on the move. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a technology for connecting peripheral peripherals to computers, allowing information exchange and power supply. It accommodates a wide range of peripherals such as input devices, pointer devices, external storage devices, and cell phones, with different versions providing faster speeds and upgraded features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency relates to the ratio of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell transforms into electrical energy. Boosting this efficiency is crucial for optimizing energy generation and making solar power economical and eco-friendly. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The National Renewable Energy Laboratory is a U.S. Department of Energy national laboratory dedicated to research and development in green energy and energy conservation technologies. It is committed to advancing innovations in solar power, wind power, bioenergy, and other sustainable energy sources to support a clean energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The EM spectrum encompasses all types of electromagnetic waves, ranging from radio waves to gamma radiation, featuring different lengths and energy levels. This band is crucial to many technologies and natural events, allowing signal transmission, medical imaging, and insight into the cosmos. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | Ultraviolet light is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wave length shorter than visible light but longer than X ray radiation, primarily emitted by the solar radiation. It has a important role in such as vitamin D production but can also lead to skin injury and photoaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a form of electromagnetic wave with longer wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Monochromatic refers to a color design based on shades of a individual hue, using diverse shades, tints, and tones to create balance and accord. This layout approach emphasizes minimalism and grace by maintaining consistent color elements throughout a composition. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Radiance refers to the intensity of electromagnetic radiation per square unit incident on a surface, typically measured in watts/m². It is a important parameter in areas like solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, showing the strength of sunlight hitting a particular zone. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | watts per square meter is a unit of measurement used to calculate the strength of radiation or power received or emitted over a defined surface, frequently in areas such as meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It helps in comprehending the distribution and conveyance of energy across regions, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the span of various tones or wavebands of electromagnetic radiation, visible or otherwise. It is frequently used to illustrate the spread of light or signal bandwidths in multiple scientific and technological contexts. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An airmass is a large mass of atmosphere with relatively even temperature and dampness features, coming from from specific source areas. These air masses impact weather patterns and air conditions as they pass through diverse areas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Solar power is the measure of the power per square kilometer received from the solar source in the type of solar rays. It fluctuates with solar activity and atmospheric factors on Earth, influencing weather patterns and weather patterns. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Dirt buildup in photovoltaic systems refers to the buildup of dirt, and impurities on the surface of photovoltaic modules, which decreases their efficiency. Regular cleaning and maintenance are important to reduce energy decrease and guarantee optimal performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage refers to the maximum voltage available from a power source when current flow is absent, spanning its terminals. It indicates the potential difference of a device when it is unplugged from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current represents the peak electrical current that passes through a circuit when a low-resistance connection, or short circuit, occurs, skipping the normal load. It poses a major safety hazard and can result in damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (Wp) is a indicator of the maximum power generation of a solar panel under perfect sunlight conditions. It shows the module's peak ability to generate electricity in standard testing setups . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A electrical potential meter is an measuring tool used to determine the voltage between two locations in a circuit. It is widely employed in numerous electrical and electronic setups to ensure proper voltage levels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a issue in photovoltaic modules where increased voltage stress causes a notable reduction in power generation and performance. It occurs due to leakage current and ion transfer within the photovoltaic materials, leading to degradation over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron is a semi-metal element necessary for plant growth and employed in various industrial uses, including glassmaking and chip manufacturing. It has special chemical traits that cause it beneficial in creating robust, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A solar panel mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring perfect tilt and alignment for best sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand weather conditions while providing a robust and long-lasting foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A sun-powered power plant collects sunlight using vast groups of photovoltaic solar panels to produce renewable electricity. It supplies an eco-friendly energy source, diminishing reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the combined practice of employing land for both solar power production and cultivation, maximizing space and resources. This strategy enhances crop production while simultaneously generating renewable energy, fostering sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial solar panels are solar panels able to absorb sunlight from both their front and rear surfaces, enhancing overall energy generation. They are typically mounted in a way that allows for increased efficiency by taking advantage of albedo reflection and reflected sunlight from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A sun-powered canopy is a structure that provides cover while producing electricity through embedded solar panels. It is often installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to combine environmental benefits with useful design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar array is a group of numerous solar panels designed to create electricity from sunlight. It is often used in renewable energy systems to generate environmentally friendly, renewable power for different applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A patio shield is a construction that offers shade and cover from the conditions for outdoor living spaces. It improves the usability and aesthetic appeal of a terrace, making it a pleasant zone for relaxation and entertainment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the measurement between the upright line directly overhead and the line of sight to a heavenly body. It is applied in astronomy and meteorology to represent the position of objects in the sky relative to an onlooker. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The horizontal bearing is a azimuth measured clockwise a reference direction, usually true north, to the line between an observer to a target object. It is commonly used in wayfinding, surveying, and astronomy to define the direction of an celestial body with respect to the viewer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as height falls and electricity shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to harsh weather conditions and potential musculoskeletal injuries pose significant occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | Cadmium telluride is a semiconductor material widely used in thin film solar panels due to its excellent performance and affordability. It exhibits outstanding optical properties, making it a preferred option for photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | An list of photovoltaics companies features the major manufacturers and suppliers specializing in solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions globally. These companies are essential in advancing solar energy integration and innovation across different markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a quantity of power equal to 1,000,000,000 watt, used to assess massive power generation production and utilization. It is generally associated with power plants, national grids, and significant energy projects worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | First Solar Inc is a global leader in photovoltaic (PV) power solutions, expert in making thin film solar panels that offer high efficiency and affordable power generation. The firm is dedicated to green energy development and decreasing the global dependence on fossil fuels through advanced solar solar innovations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology expertise in smoothly connecting various elements of manufacturing and automated systems to boost efficiency and dependability. It focuses on developing innovative solutions that facilitate efficient communication and compatibility among diverse tech platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic is a top Chinese-based corporation specializing in producing and developing photovoltaic photovoltaic products and solutions. Renowned for state-of-the-art tech and green energy projects in the the renewable energy industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a unit of energy equal to 1,000,000,000 W, often used to represent the potential of massively scaled power production or usage. It emphasizes the vast power magnitude involved in contemporary power framework and tech. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Experience curve effects refer to the phenomenon where the unit cost decreases as overall production grows, due to gaining knowledge and efficiencies gained over time. This concept highlights the importance of accumulated experience in cutting expenses and enhancing efficiency in manufacturing and other procedures. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Solar energy convert sunlight straight into electricity through semiconductor materials, primarily silicon. This system is a environmentally friendly, green energy source that aids cut down reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the cost of creating solar or wind energy becomes the same as or less than the cost of buying power from the power grid. Achieving grid parity signifies that sustainable energy technologies are cost-effectively competitive with traditional coal, oil, natural gas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity acts as the standard electrical power supplied to homes and enterprises through a grid of power lines, offering a reliable source of energy for numerous appliances. It generally operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, according to the region, and is supplied through alternating current (AC). | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) includes all components of a solar power system except the photovoltaic panels, comprising inverters, racking, wiring, and additional electrical hardware. It is vital for guaranteeing the effective and dependable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | The sun's power is absorbed from the solar radiation using solar cells to produce electricity or through solar heating systems to provide warmth. It represents a renewable, renewable, and environmentally friendly power supply that reduces reliance on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are widely utilized in domestic, business, and factory settings to create clean, renewable electricity from sunlight. They also supply remote and off-grid locations, delivering green energy solutions where standard power grids are unavailable. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A catalog of sun-powered products features a range of devices that utilize sunlight to convert energy, supporting green and eco-conscious living. These products include covering solar chargers and lights to appliances and outdoor tools, providing flexible alternatives for energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | A solar power plant is a facility that generates sunlight immediately into electricity using photovoltaic panels. It is a green energy source that supports lowering reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems merge solar panels with alternative energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to deliver a reliable and efficient power supply. They maximize energy use by balancing renewable resources and backup options, decreasing reliance on fossil fuels and cutting overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics use optical lenses plus mirrors focusing solar radiation onto highly efficient photovoltaic cells, significantly boosting power output from a smaller area. This approach is highly suitable where intense, direct sunlight and provides an innovative way to lowering solar power costs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |